Colin Yasukochi Colin Yasukochi, CBRE's director of research and analysis

LOS ANGELES—Technology firms may continue to lead the way in both job creation and office leasing across North America, yet the picture has changed compared to recent years. Notably, the pace of employment growth in the tech arena slowed in the first half of this year compared to the five-year average, CBRE Group Inc. says in the latest edition of its annual Tech-Thirty report analyzing the top 30 tech markets in the US and Canada.

In the fall of 2016, CBRE sees shifting demand among submarkets within the top 30, and varying levels of rent growth. ”The changing velocity and pattern of tech job creation has uniquely impacted office markets,” says Colin Yasukochi, CBRE's director of research and analysis. “Markets that have experienced accelerated job creation are seeing faster rent growth and decreasing vacancies while slower-growing markets have seen more balanced conditions between landlords and tenants.”

The fastest job growth and heftiest rent premiums are commanded by a handful of submarkets, led by East Cambridge in the Boston metro area at 102%, and Palo Alto in Silicon Valley and Santa Monica in Los Angeles, each with an 82% premium. In turn, the higher costs and declining availabilities are leading to the creation of new tech clusters as tenants seek alternatives.

Yasukochi's colleague Spencer Levy cites the example of two mainstays of the tech sector, Boston and New York City, to illustrate the shift in demand among submarkets. “Although tech is very much at the center of the East Cambridge submarket, we have seen some demand in Boston shift to the Seaport and the CBD which have larger available blocks and more adaptive space,” says Levy, head of Americas research. A few hundred miles south of that tech hub, “Brooklyn, Downtown and Midtown Manhattan have attracted tech companies as Midtown South pricing has increased and space options have diminished.”

That isn't to say that rents aren't growing in these alternative submarkets as well. CBRE's report says that with one exception, the top submarket in each of the 30 markets analyzed saw rent growth between the second quarter of 2014 and Q2 of this year.

During this period, the highest rent growth could be found in both established and up-and-coming tech submarkets, including University City in Philadelphia, Oakland/East End Pittsburgh, East Cambridge, Palo Alto and Tempe, AZ. The top submarkets for net absorption over the two-year period varied across the country. Along with Tempe and University City, they included Lake Union in Seattle, South Valley in Northern California and Northwest Denver.

Tech-related office leasing accounted for 20% of all office leasing across the US in the first half of the year, up from 18% in 2015, despite an overall slowing in job creation across the sector. Over the past five years, the software/services industry created 780,000 new jobs at a 7.3% annual growth rate. In the first six months of this year, tighter labor and volatile capital market conditions combined to slow job creation to a 4% rate, making a slight impact on certain office markets, including Washington, DC, New York City and the San Francisco Bay Area. “Advanced technology has integrated itself into business productivity and although the talent pool is limited, strong demand for technology services from both businesses and consumers is expected to support hiring by high-tech firms,” says Yasukochi. “The skills of the available labor pool do not appear to align with available jobs, causing a structural barrier to growth.” The continuing demand for technology “should support growth among high-tech companies and high-tech office market clusters.”

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Paul Bubny

Paul Bubny is managing editor of Real Estate Forum and GlobeSt.com. He has been reporting on business since 1988 and on commercial real estate since 2007. He is based at ALM Real Estate Media Group's offices in New York City.